Prejudice
Prejudice is a huge part of the novel, as the major part of the plot is based around the court case of Tom Robinson, an African American, and he is treated unfairly. The black community in Maycomb, despite its admirable qualities, is below even the really untrustworthy Ewells, enabling Bob Ewell to make up what he wants and persecutes Tom Robinson. Despite the evidence in Tom’s favor he is still convicted. After Tom is shot and killed, Scout explains perfectly the situation by saying “Atticus had used every tool available to free men to save Tom Robinson, but in the secret courts of men's hearts Atticus had no case. Tom was a dead man the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed.”
Bravery
Bravery is a large part of the novel, as shown by the pressure given by the Maycomb community. What Atticus and his children stand for is highly disapproved of. He and his children suffer a lot of abuse from the community, and yet Atticus still continued his defense of Tom, and his children still took the hurtful words. They realize it's about thinking long and hard about what's right instead of relying on personal prejudice reaction, and then doing what's right whether they win or lose. Atticus stated himself that “It's when you know you're licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do.” The ultimate show of bravery is when Scout stood up to the lynch mob and shamed them into backing off her father and Tom.